Conventional plant cell wall extraction methods may not be applicable to mushrooms due to the special characteristics of fungal cell walls. Techniques such as ultrasound-assisted extraction and enzyme-assisted extraction can be effective alternatives to extract bioactive compounds from mushrooms. These methods not only improve the extraction efficiency, but also help to maintain the bioactivity and functional properties of the extracts.
Ultrasonic assitested extraction with Crushing function Ultrasonic fragmentation uses the vibratory force of ultrasound to break cell walls and organelles. In the case of fungal cell walls, especially the outer membrane containing chitin, ultrasound can generate enough energy to break this hard structure. The effectiveness of the treatment is related to the concentration of the sample and the frequency used, while care needs to be taken to cool down the process to prevent overheating.In combination with physical methods such as grinding, the fungal cells can be ground into a paste with quartz sand and then broken using ultrasound, a method that can be more effective in disrupting the cell wall.
Analysis of cell wall structure after ultrasound assisted extraction treatment:Studies have shown that the cell wall monosaccharide composition as well as polysaccharide components can be analysed by ultrasonic assisted extraction , proving that ultrasound can effectively bind to the fungal cell wall chitin components, affecting the cell wall structure, leading to changes in cellular osmotic pressure, and ultimately leading to the death of the fungus.
In summary, ultrasonic treatment is an effective method to break the fungal cell wall containing a hard chitin outer membrane and release the cell contents, and it can be used in combination with other physical or chemical methods to improve extraction efficiency and effectiveness.