1.Principle of molecular distillation technology
Molecular distillation technology is a separation method based on the difference in the average free range of molecular motion of different substances. Under high vacuum conditions, light molecules have larger average free range and can quickly fly to the condensation surface and be arrested, while heavy molecules stay in the distillation bottle due to smaller average free range, thus realising the separation of substances. Molecular distillation technology has the characteristics of low energy consumption, high separation degree, friendly to heat-sensitive substances, etc. It is especially suitable for the separation of volatile and heat-sensitive substances such as turpentine derivatives.
2.Turpentine derivatives of molecular distillation equipment
The molecular distillation equipment applied to turpentine derivatives is mainly composed of heating system, evaporation chamber, condenser, vacuum system and control system. Among them, evaporation chamber and condenser are the core components of the equipment, and their design directly affects the separation efficiency and quality.
Heating system: It is used to heat the turpentine derivatives to a certain temperature so that its molecules get enough energy to escape from the liquid surface. The heating system usually adopts electric heating or steam heating method, which has the characteristics of fast heating speed and precise temperature control.
Evaporation chamber: It is a key component in the molecular distillation equipment and is used to accommodate the turpentine derivatives to be separated. The design of the evaporation chamber should take into account the fluidity of the material, heat transfer effect and separation efficiency. At the same time, the evaporation chamber should also have good sealing performance to prevent material leakage and vacuum degradation.
Condenser: It is used to condense the escaped light molecules into liquid and collect them. The condenser usually adopts high-efficiency glass condenser or metal condenser, which is characterised by good condensation effect and corrosion resistance. The design of the condenser should take into account factors such as condensation area, condensation temperature and condensation pressure to ensure condensation effect and separation efficiency.
Vacuum system: It is used to create a high vacuum environment inside the evaporation chamber to lower the boiling point of materials and promote the separation of molecules. The vacuum system usually consists of vacuum pump and vacuum gauge, etc. It has the features of fast pumping speed, high vacuum degree and good stability.
Control system: It is used to precisely control the heating temperature, condensation temperature, vacuum degree and other parameters of the equipment to achieve the best separation effect. The control system usually adopts PLC or microcontroller and other controllers, which has the features of high control precision and easy operation.
3.Application of molecular distillation technology in the separation of turpentine derivatives
Molecular distillation technology has significant advantages in the separation of turpentine derivatives. Firstly, molecular distillation technology can be separated at temperatures far away from the boiling point, avoiding problems such as decomposition or polymerisation of materials due to high temperatures in traditional distillation methods. Secondly, molecular distillation technology has a high degree of separation and selectivity, which can achieve the precise separation of different components of turpentine derivatives. In addition, molecular distillation technology also has the characteristics of low energy consumption and environmental protection, which meets the current requirements of green chemistry and sustainable development.
